Television Is The Downfall Of Our Society Essay Example For Students

TV Is The Downfall Of Our Society Essay Would you be able to envision the genuine number of individuals who watch T.V.? Individuals invest more energy before the TV, than some other thing. These days, even youngsters, to be increasingly explicit, little children invest the vast majority of their energy viewing T.V. Shouldn?t they be playing with their toys inside or outside, playing in the yard, heading off to the recreation center for a walk or to play on the swings and slides? Don?t you recollect when you were youthful when your folks took you to the recreation center? All children went to the recreation center, yet these days, the recreation center has been subbed with the TV and computer games (for youth). Perhaps this is likewise a motivation behind why a significant number of our kids are fat. Since the TV makers have made TV program for preschoolers, young kids, adolescents, and grown-ups, many decide to invest their energy seeing these shows since they feel a feeling of having a place when watching the shows. For p reschoolers, shows, for example, Sesame Street, Barney, and Teletubbies have been made. A considerable lot of these shows are exceptionally instructive, yet it has been demonstrated that most youngsters learn faster with hands-on-preparing. Youngsters are bound to adapt likewise by talking. Kids can?t address the TV; hence, their folks must be his/her teachers, yet this requires time from the guardians. Numerous guardians don?t have the opportunity to spend conversing with their kids, they are either grinding away, or they think they have something more significant than their youngsters, however what can be a higher priority than your child?s training and improvement. Guardians must require significant investment from their taxing day to invest energy with their youngsters, take them to the recreation center or simply go out into the terrace and take care of business. Instructive shows, for example, The Magic School Bus, have been created for young kids. This is an educational show and it takes into consideration children to investigate. Noton?s World is an awesome case of this additionally, in light of the fact that he performs investigations and discusses science and math during his show. Shows, for example, kid's shows aren?t extremely instructive; be that as it may, they can be exceptionally engaging for these youngsters. There are additionally appears, for example, The Alyson?s Sisters, which manages ordinary events that identify with them. These twins fall into this age gathering and the show discusses things that transpire during and outside of school. For example, the show discusses their first date, first move, first kiss, first sweetheart, Etc. We will compose a custom paper on Television Is The Downfall Of Our Society explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now For youngsters, shows, for example, The Fresh Prince, Boy Meets World, Hang Time, Sister, Family Matters, and Change of Heart are being appeared on T.V. These shows generally are appeared after 3:00 p.m. or then again during the end of the week when young people are out of school. Adolescents watch these shows since they can identify with the characters. These characters experience very similar things that young people experience. Once in a while, they wish that they could experience those great things that happen to those anecdotal characters. Be that as it may, shows like the Jerry Springer Show, aren?t or shouldn?t be viewed by youngsters, since it powers a method of being and thinking into their brains. In the event that you have ever viewed the Jerry Springer Show, you don?t need to be a visitor, or you generally state that won?t transpire. In any case, these days, a great deal of adolescents are doing things that are found in television shows like the Jerry Springer Show, since they think it?s right, since they saw it on T.V., however it isn?t right. Dramas, and shows, for example, The Pretender, ER, Hercules, Zena, Family Feud, Love and Marriage, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, and Talk appears, for example, Oprah, Sally, and Ricki Lake are appeared for the grown-ups. Be that as it may, numerous adolescents and youngsters additionally watch these shows. There are numerous contrasts between these shows since they all accentuation on something other than what's expected. Dramas are much the same as motion pictures, yet these go on for eternity. Syndicated programs now and then can be instructive, for mindfulness, individual stories, style, or reunions; it just relies upon what the watchers of that show are progressively keen on. A portion of these shows are simply appears, just films, and an account of a few people that continues onward; notwithstanding, they are unique in relation to Soap Operas since Soap Operas are tales about a wide range of characters, not one story. Shows, for example, the Family Feud, are down shows, however can be instructive simultaneously. There are a wide range of kinds of shows being seen by America on TV. Everything relies upon the individual viewing, and what he decides to watch. Every individual has the chance to watch whatever the person needs to watch. This is the reason channels were made. On the off chance that you don?t need to watch a show, change the channel. What's more, guardians take your youngsters out. Perhaps since we sit in front of the TV so much, we also have gotten overweight, the same number of Americans have. Social Issues

Describe and explain the experiences of African colonial subjects Essay

Depict and clarify the encounters of African pilgrim subjects during either or both of the universal wars - Essay Example Unequivocal ownership of these states gave magnificent forces the labor that kept the guarantee of making their rulers more extravagant and more grounded in view of their characteristic assets and empowering them to take up arms anyplace on the planet (Anon, 2012). Europe defended its colonization of Africa as their ethical obligation to lift Africans from their crude phase of human progress. Rulers based on the engrossed thoughts of individuals heading out to Africa and built up the need to make African humanized. Europeans consistently observed African from their social crystal, besides, their distraction with skin shading and physical characteristics made these thoughts much more grounded (Anon, 2012).Therefore, even extraordinary commitments during the World War I and World War II couldn't win affirmation for pioneer African warriors. With an end goal to transcend partiality, this paper quickly investigates the commitments of pioneer African subjects during both of the World Wars . World War I World War I is viewed as genuinely a world war because of differing military activity and cooperation of individuals from five mainlands of the world. African colonized nations and subjects were explicitly affected by the consequences of WWI (AHA, n.d.).World War I conferred a significant and diserse sway on states. The Balkan encounter changed into a general European war in mid-1914 and transformed into an extra-European measurement in light of the fact that a couple standing up to states were viewed as the most remarkable frontier powers. Soon after the breakout of war, battles began in numerous pieces of the world and the majority of the domains were vanquished by the Entente power very soon. German African settlements were safeguarded by African fighters and German officials called 'Schutztruppen'. South Africa attacked the German South West Africa in the interest of the Entente controls that activated issues for South Africa itself; in any case, 11,500 Anglophobe Boer individuals joined German side because of insubordination (Koller, 2008, p.111). The most noticeable and early response was the indignation that is seethed all through African provinces because of induction of for the most part youthful African provincial subjects into European militaries. In any case, the war had considerably progressively basic outcomes. African subjects came to realize that their lords are only customary people such as themselves. African subjects anticipated prizes and remuneration from their rulers for offering types of assistance to them. The remuneration was normal as cash, and social and sacred changes that can change their lives back home. It set off an expectation among African subjects and caused them to understand that they have the right to be treated in a superior manner. Taught African subjects followed President Wilson's encouragement to recognize the legislature based on their national assurance. The term alludes to the possibility that individ uals ought to be free in their separate political limits (AHA, n.d.). Colonialist Powers Mission During World War I, European realms recruited almost 192,000 Senegalese Tirailleurs from sub-Saharan Africa who were sent toward the Western Front in Cameroon, Turkey, and Togo. Specifically, the French prized their ownership of troupes indigenes as their ambush troop on their fight front. In this Great War, around 30,000 to 31,000 African subjects lost their lives, a few others were injured, and some came back to their states as incapacitated for life(Mann, 2006, pp.16-17). In addition, the French had arranged the enrollment of one

Internation cultural and communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internation social and correspondence - Essay Example At this point, organizations are presented to expanded social and monetary situations (Checkland, 2013). Without the pith of successful methods for correspondence, global organizations can't obtain sufficient worker voice required for invigorating long haul business development. This exposition will make a hypothetical just as observational examination about manners by which hierarchical culture and correspondence process help to make expanded representative voice. Worker voice is a term that alludes to the degree of representative investment in the dynamic procedure of an association. It is accepted that achievement of an organization in the two its local and remote markets significantly relies upon effectiveness of its factor assets. Among all assets, human capital (work asset) is generally pivotal, given that this assists with channelizing other profitable assets of the firm. In this way, it is profoundly sound to examine the correspondence and social methods for an association, w hich help with overseeing human workforce all the more productively (Carter, et al., 2013). It is noticed that a worldwide association can consolidate better frameworks of worker portrayal by empowering improved representative support. Approaches presented by the open specialists of various economies, for example, the New Labor arrangement of 1997, European Social Policy and the Employee Information and Consultation Rights, guarantee satisfaction of employee’s interests in the working environments (Johansson, 2013). Such government presented approaches have straightforwardly impacted voice of the representatives and have additionally in a roundabout way influenced the workplace wherein voicing forces of the laborers can be worked out. Voice is a typical word utilized in the investigations of Human Resource Management (HRM). A famous worldwide business social model was presented by Howard V. Perlmutter. It was known as the EPG model and included ethnocentric, geocentric and polycentric measurements to clarify

Literature Review Racism Coursework - 1375 Words

Literature Review: Racism and its Origin (Coursework Sample) Content: Name:Course:Instructor:Date:Literature Review: Racism and its originIf racism is hard-wired into human biology, then we should despair of workers ever overcoming the divisions between them to fight for a socialist society free of racial inequality  (Selfa 1). This strong assertion summarizes the importance of understanding the origin of racism. There have been many arguments that racism is as old as humanity and is a natural instinct in all human beings. The topic has a great significance in socialist studies and social interactions because if racism is natural, then it the society will never be rid of it. Is racism a natural human instinct or a societal creation? Are people born racist or does racism develop as people age? The origin of racism is a key debate that has been extensively researched on, and literature indicates that racism is not natural instinct but a social construct.Definition of racismDebates over the origins of racism often suffer from a lack of clarity over the term  (Shah 3). For this reason, it is crucially important to determine an operational definition for racism' in any discussion on the same. A plethora of socialist scholars, psychologists, academicians and researchers have written extensively on racism. In the vast sprawl of literature on racism, different definitions of the concept have been raised. Hoyt, in his journal article The Pedagogy of the Meaning of Racism: Reconciling a Discordant Discourse, defines racism as the belief that all members of a purported race possess characteristics, abilities, or qualities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or other races  (225). The scholar further explainsracism is a particular form of prejudice defined by preconceived erroneous beliefs about race and members of racial groups  (225). Holt, who is an associate dean of students in the Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, envisions racism as a so cial construct that includes the power to exert force over someone or something, and oppression, which is an exercise of power and authority in an unjust manner towards other (225). Holt further explains that to be racist; one requires to believe in the inferiority and superiority of different races and discriminate others on the basis of racism.Kriegel, a renowned scholar on racism, defines racism as an ideological-scientific system which divides the contemporary human species into sub-species, resulting from separate development and endowed with unequal average aptitudes. Miscegenation with these inferior sub-species could only result in half-breeds inferior to the favored race  (143). In this definition, racism is envisioned as a concept of discrimination which can be passed through interracial parenting. From this perspective, racism is viewed to sprout from the general characteristics of human beings such as color and culture. Benoist (2011), in an article titled What is rac ism?' analyzes different definitions of racism and concludes that racism is an ideology that involves believes in the superiority of one race over others, the idea that the superiority is biological and ineradicable, the belief in the domination of superior races over others and the idea of a natural biological superiority of a race over other races.Is racism a natural human instinct?From slavery in America to the Apartheid in South Africa, racism has been spread throughout the world, and it is still a rife societal problem. Shah, in an article titled Racism, presents an extensive study of the practice of racism across the globe. In Europe. There is a good human rights institution but racism still persists through discrimination and exploitation of racial minorities. In Australia, the extensive diversity of the population has not avoided racial discrimination. In Africa, racial discrimination of white farmers is rife in Zimbabwe and other African jurisdictions.In the Middle East and Asia, discrimination on the basis of color and discrimination through cultural practices are still prevalent. Historically, America had the worst racism practice through slavery. Racial discrimination on the basis of color are still a major issue in North America (Shah 15). This shows that, despite extensive efforts to reduce racism in all jurisdictions, the social vice is still persistent. What makes racism an insolvable problem in the society? Is it because racism is natural, and people are born racist?Selfa explains that racism is not part of human nature..the concepts race' and racism' are modern inventions. They arose and became part of the dominant ideology of society in the context of the African slave trade at the dawn of capitalism in the 1500s and the 1600s  (4). The scholar explains that the racism is a social construct born during the slave trade era. Selfa notes that, before the slave trade, different cultures and races of people lived in hegemony. Selfa, the author of Slavery and the origins of racism, however, notes that there were enmities between communities way before the slave trade and the construction of racism. For example, the native Americans, the Indians of North America had wars between their communities before the colonial period and slave trade.Selfa's account that racism is a social construct is best supported by the Marxist theory of capitalism and materialism. Karl Marx, in his book Wage, Labour and Capital, wrote What is a Negro slave? A man of the black race. The one explanation is as good as the other. A Negro is a Negro. He only becomes a slave in certain relations  (53). In this observation, Marx ridicules the society over the equation of the black people to slaves. Marx, by writinga negro is a negro' depicts that he has no prejudice against the black skinned people. He shows how the social relations in the earlier centuries constructed the racism. Marx explains that slaves were used as capital for the creation of wea lth for the whites through in the cotton plantations. The capitalism and materialism that characterized the society in the colonial period is responsible for the construction of racism, Marx explains. The Marxist interpretation articulates well with Selfa's observation that contrary to general opinion that racism created slavery, it is actually slavery that created racism.The science of the development of racismThe argument that racism is a natural and biological instinct has been put into the scientific context and studied accordingly. There are numerous scientific studies that have been done to evaluate whether racist feelings, opinions and behaviors are biological and occur naturally. Levin, a psychology researcher and author, explained that racism involves a natural visual feature. The researcher evaluated perceptual discrimination across races and found that, in visual search exercises, African American faces are recognized or detected more easily than other faces hence produce a visual, perceptual and attentional bias (573). Cunningham, Johnson, Raye, Gatenby, Gore and Banaji, in a 2004 study on the neural processes involved in recognition of different faces, demonstrated that racism is associated with a biological amygdala activity in the brain. The scholars used neuroimaging research to show that European Americans who have negative attitudes about black people had an increased amygdala activity when they viewed African American faces relative to their own faces. The heightened amygdala response occurring as a reaction to the recognition of faces of a different race has been used by scholars to explain that there is a natural subconscious response to different races, and that is the root cause of racism. In 2013, Telzer, Humpreys, Shapiro and Tottenham conducted a study to establish whether the heightened amygdala response to race is ...

Macbeth - Tragedy Essay - 1224 Words

William Shakespeare is the noted author of a vast array of plays, ranging from comedies to histories to tragedies. Perhaps one of his most famous in the tragedy genre is Macbeth. Though Shakespeare can be considered as a scholar in the sense that he was both a renowned and prolific playwright, look back a few hundred years to find Aristotle, one of the most famous scholars and philosophers of all time. In his treatise titled Poetics, he defends poetry against criticism as well as sets standards for tragedies in quot;The Nature of Tragedy,quot; a section of the Poetics. Is Macbeth fit to be included in the tragedy genre according to the standards set by Aristotle? According to Aristotle, a tragedy is quot;an imitation of an action†¦show more content†¦Now Macbeth has to accept that fact that he will yield, and in doing so, dies. Another part of the plot is the Scene of Suffering, which is quot;a destructive or painful action.quot; In the case of Macbeth, the Scene of Suffering could be the bloody murder of Duncan by Macbeth. As stated in quot;The Nature of Tragedy,quot; the change in fortune should be from good to bad rather than from bad to good. Although the sequence of events that occur throughout Macbeth may not appear to document a change in fortune from good to bad, they all constitute of a change because it shows Macbeths moral downfall. Also, according to Aristotle, the misfortune should be brought by the characters own error or frailty. In the case of Macbeth, the frailty that brings about his misfortune and eventual destruction is ultimately ambition. Another important aspect of a tragedy is character. In his Poetics, Aristotle says that quot;first and most important, it must be good.quot; Macbeths character in Macbeth is not exactly the portrayal of an ideal man, but he is not the worst man either. He may appear to be wicked and corrupt throughout the play, but he is actually portrayed as a relatively good man in the beginning of the play. At the start of the play, he possesses valor and bravery in the war and Duncan considers him to be honorable. quot;What he hath lost noble Macbeth hath won.quot; TheShow MoreRelatedIs Macbeth a Tragedy?2186 Words   |  9 PagesA tragedy is often thought of as a sad, pitiful event. The factors used to label an event as tragic are the consequences and the lasting effects. For example, the consequences of one or more deaths can be seen as a tragedy. And tragedies are often remembered long after the event, clearly impacting the future for those involved. Many people interpret events such as a natural disaster, a death of a loved one, or a permanent disability as tragic. However, others say that this definition of a tragedyRead MoreMacbeth - Tragedy Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pagesclassical view, tragedy should arouse feelings of pity and fear in the audience. Does Macbeth do this? Tragedy has most definitely influenced the viewers thoughts on Macbeth within this play. In Shakespeares Macbeth, the audience sees a gradual breakdown in the character of Macbeth himself, due to the tragic events that unfold during the play. This has a direct effect on the audiences views and thoughts of Macbeth, thus creating pity and fear within the audience. Macbeth, being a man andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tragedy Of Macbeth1207 Words   |  5 Pages The ‘Tragedy of Macbeth’ (also known as ‘Macbeth’) is a play written by William Shakespeare and it was first performed in 1606. This play presents plenty of themes through the action and dialogue throughout the play. Although the play is universally and most commonly referred to as the dark tragedy presented by Shakespeare. The most common themes that were introduced to the audience tend to be femininity versus masculinity, pride and honor, the role of supernatural, temptation and evil and a lotRead MoreManhood in The Tragedy of Macbeth1133 Words   |  5 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Macbeth, he uses the theme of manhood to create motives for characters to act like a man. This is seen in many occurrences in Macbeth where characters try to act like men for certain reasons. Characters that apply this action are Macbeth, the first murderer, Macduff, and Young Siward. These actions are seen throughout the play, and play a key role in the development of the performance. Macbeth tells himself to act like a man in the following lines: â€Å"Prithee, peace! / I dare doRead More Macbeth - Tragedy Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesthe classical view, tragedy should arouse feelings of pity and fear in the audience. Does Macbeth do this? Tragedy has most definitely influenced the viewer’s thoughts on Macbeth within this play. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the audience sees a gradual breakdown in the character of Macbeth himself, due to the tragic events that unfold during the play. This has a direct effect on the audience’s views and thoughts of Macbeth, thus creating pity and fear within the audience. Macbeth, being a man and aRead MoreThe Tragedy of Macbeth Essay542 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragedy of Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1604, portrays women in a variety of strengths. In Elizabethan society, women were considered the ‘weaker sex’ but in many of his plays Shakespeare appears to question this patriarchal society. Shakespeare wrote ‘ Macbeth’ intending to flatter King James I, the ruler in this era. James I had very strong opinions regarding women and, particularly, witches. He saw Women as inferior and expected them to be housewives and mothers. Shake speareRead MoreAristotelian Tragedy Macbeth Essays611 Words   |  3 PagesAristotelian Tragedy: Macbeth Aristotle is known widely for developing his ideas on tragedy. He recorded these ideas in his Poetics in which he comments on the plot, purpose, and effect that a true tragedy must have. The structure of these tragedies has been an example for many writers including Shakespeare himself. Many of Shakespeare’s plays follow Aristotelian ideas of tragedy, for instance Macbeth does a decent job in shadowing Aristotle’s model. Aristotle describes one of the most importantRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1052 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish II 2 October, 2015 â€Å"Tragedy† of Macbeth Macbeth, a play written by one of the most influential English writers of all time William Shakespeare. It was created to be a Shakespearean tragedy. A tragedy as Aristotle defines it as: â€Å"Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude †¦. through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions† (Aristotle: Poetics). What this is saying for a tragedy is that it should have the audienceRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1497 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare effectively explores and follows the framework of the tragedy, Macbeth; a tale of systematic suffering, which foreshadows and imminently leads to the death of a great man. Essentially, it is Macbeth’s flaw – his growing ambition – which leads to these harsh repercussions. Shakespeare demonstrates his tragedy, through Aristotle’s elements and definition of tragedy, which ultimately concerns the rever sal of good fortune to bad. In â€Å"Macbeth†, ambition conspires with supernatural forces to commit evilRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare899 Words   |  4 PagesWhat makes a once â€Å"brave friend† (1.2.6) â€Å"something wicked†? (4.1.45) In Shakespeare’s Tragedy of Macbeth, the answer to this question is played out. At the beginning of the play, the main character, Macbeth, is deemed â€Å"valiant† (1.2.24) and â€Å"noble† (1.2.68); however, after his encounter with the witches, his dark side starts to bubble up. As such, the Weird Sisters symbolize the ubiquitous evil that is in the world and present the theme man’s susceptibility to temptation. While the witches do play

Anger Management Single Subject Design - 1351 Words

Anger Management: Single Subject Design The client is a 14-year-old Hispanic female in a residential substance abuse treatment rehabilitation center. The client participated in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy anger management group. The client was admitted to the residential program in July of 2016 for her cannabis use. She was referred by Drug Court due to her failure to comply with the program rules. The client has a past of domestic violence and defiant behavior towards her mother and not abiding by curfew. The treatment goal is for the client to learn effective ways to manage her anger. The primary goal is for the client to identify strategies and techniques that will allow her to deal with her anger and to recognize events and cues that can trigger her anger to intensify. Another goal is for the client to analyze family patterns and how her family dealt with anger and other emotions and how past interactions can impact her current thoughts, feelings and behaviors. By identifying strategies and recognizing cues and past patterns the client will be able to focus on managing her anger and using effective techniques in order to reduce her anger. Literature review Utilizing strategies and techniques to effectively manage anger can be difficult, the lack of anger management can result in serious consequences. The literature suggest that problems related to anger and aggression can cause difficulty in many areas of life. In addition, it can cause impaired functionality forShow MoreRelatedChild Adolescent Population And Developmentally Impaired Persons Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagessynthesis, analyzes the use of RS within the developmental disabled. According to Gaskin, Mcvilly McGillivray (2013) there is insufficient evidence that explores these practices among this population. There is also not enough evidence for aggression management measures and training in de-escalation procedures. 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Research Problem and Purpose Logically placed, the research problem is clearly and concisely stated within the first paragraph of the article. Citing statistical information from the American Heart Association which noted over 50 million AmericansRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemmas That Arises From The Employer1604 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween individuals. According to the recent surveys have found that almost every employer monitor their employees. Around two-thirds of employers monitor their employees’ web site visits in order to prevent inappropriate surfing according to American Management Association (AMA). And 65% use software to block connections to web sites deemed off limits for employees. This is a 27% increase since 2001 when the survey was first conducted. Employers are motivated by concern over litigation and the increasingRead MoreLears Relinquishment of Power in Shakespeares King Lear1474 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeares King Lear King Lear is an actor who can only play the king. Thus, after he has abdicated his throne, passing the authority to his posterity, he still demands respect and power, which he is unable to claim from any of his former subjects, even his daughters. And as a king with no kingdom, he is an actor with no role to play, the most loathsome of all conditions. Lear himself realizes this, and in scene 4, he cries: Why, this is not Lear (4.204). And later in the same speechRead MoreThe New York Police Department1510 Words   |  7 Pagesvehicles in the near future. According to JP Molnar from LawOfficer.com, Los Angeles will also be improving their vehicles. Police chiefs from the Los Angeles Police Department have been working on a safer and more productive car since 2008. In this new design of car, any piece of electrical equipment can be used inside. Where older police cars had the big monitors and keyboards, the cars that the Los Angeles Police Department are working on can be used wit h tablets, iPhones, Androids, laptops, anythingRead MoreDoes regular exercise reduce stress levels, and thus reduce symptoms of depression?4523 Words   |  19 Pagesfocused and alert. Whereas negative stress is more common and can become a threat to a person’s physical and mental well-being. It can cause a number of feelings such as rejection, anger and depression, which can lead to health problems such as high blood pressure, insomnia, ulcers, heart disease and stroke (Stress management, 2009). This report will be looking at results from an experiment of six sessions of aerobic exercise, to see if there is a reduction in stress levels and will look at previousRead MoreThe Atmosphere Of A Space2614 Words   |  11 Pagesrelevant in every aspect of a space, and used by designers of all fields to influence, teach and evoke an emotion or mood creatively. There is a kind of intimacy within the development of an atmosphere and it is a â€Å"powerful intermediary between the su bject and object† (Bohme, 1993, p118). Through the manipulation of various physical components, a designer can set a mood, that seems to fill the void in a space which is important as â€Å"an artwork cannot be grasped solely through its concrete qualities†Read MoreMusic Therapy and Child Abuse2013 Words   |  9 Pagesoften an increase in domestic violence and child abuse rates with these youth in poor socioeconomic areas. In a study by Rickson and Watson in 2003, music therapists used music to teach pro-social behaviors to at-risk adolescents. As cited, in a single case study, music therapy increased positive self-verbalizations with an adolescent with conduct disorder. This study revealed a significant difference in the increase of prosocial behaviors with those who received music therapy to those who did not

An Alternate Reality free essay sample

The Chinese, among others, used it for medicine thousands of years ago. The first settlers of America used hemp for paper, clothing and rope. So far this so called â€Å"Evil Weed† does not sound so harmful. In fact, it is not as harmful as it has been made out to be over the years. Everything from prejudice to misinformation has been the reason for this plant to be made illegal. In actuality, society can benefit from Marijuana being legalized and decriminalized. Today, there are thousands of Americans flooding our legal system because of petty marijuana charges, costing taxpayers millions of dollars. We know that it helps cancer and aids patients live a much more comfortable life because of the properties it holds. If it is a â€Å"Gateway Drug† then it is because of how it has to be obtained, on the street where drug dealers would be happy for you to try there other dangerous products such as crack and heroin. If compared to the legal drugs, alcohol and tobacco, and their risks, Marijuana seems like a â€Å"Walk in the Park†. At least it could make for a nice enjoyable one. The reality here is, the legalization of Marijuana could benefit society. If the people of our country could look beyond politics, discrimination, and passed misjudgments to see the true benefits Marijuana carries, the decriminalization of the so called â€Å"evil weed† could have a great and positive impact on our society with medical marijuana, reducing unnecessary costs in our legal system and by being a taxable commodity. Through all of history, man has known about and used Marijuana. Some believe that if it were discovered today, it would be considered a miracle drug for it’s medicinal properties. The use of Marijuana can be traced back before 7000 B. C. when it is believed that the first woven fabrics were made of hemp (Pete Guither, 2002). Growing Marijuana even has history with some American Presidents. George Washington’s main crop at Mt. Vernon was hemp, and it was Thomas Jefferson’s second largest crop at Monticello. â€Å"Marijuana has been illegal for less than one percent of the time that it’s been in use†¦and it was legal as recently as when Ronald Reagan was a boy (Pete Guither, 2002). So if Marijuana has such a long history and has very legitimate uses, why did it become and why does it remain illegal? In the 1900’s there was a huge number of Americans addicted to drugs. Many more than there are today. Depending upon whose report, or whose assessment you accept, there were between two and five percent of the entire adult population of the United States addicted to drugs in 1900 (Whitebread, 1995). You can imagine that there was some worry. Most of these addictions involved morphine and it’s derivatives, being used for legitimate medical practices. What happened is, Marijuana being a relatively unknown substance in the early 1900’s, got mixed up in the problems America was having with Morphine, Alcohol and even Cocaine. At the time there had not been any studies or anything of the like, to prove that Marijuana was a harmful substance, but there was racial prejudice and fear of substitution. In the 1930’s Marijuana was very new to the national scene yet some states prohibited it along with narcotics and alcohol that were prohibited nationally. Why? Unfortunately racial prejudice played a major roll in making Marijuana an â€Å"evil weed†. Increases in Mexican immigration at the turn of the century brought on sizeable Mexican-American minorities in the western states and these people were thought to become criminals when they ate â€Å"the killer weed† (Bonnie, Whitebread 2005). The following is a recording from a Montana newspaper, â€Å"The Montana Standard†, when giving full cover to a proposal to create a separate marijuana statute on January 27, 1929. There was fun in the House Health Committee during the week when the Marihuana bill came up for consideration. Marihuana is Mexican opium, a plant used by Mexicans and cultivated for sale by Indians. When some beet field peon takes a few rares of this stuff,† explained Dr. Fred Fulsher of Mineral County, â€Å"He thinks he has just been elected president of Mexico so he starts out to execute all his political enemies. I understand that over in Butte where the Mexicans often go for the winter they stage imaginary bullfights in the ‘Bower of Roses’ or put on tournaments for the favor of ‘Spanish Rose’ after a couple of whiffs of Marihuana. The Silver Bow and Yellowstone Delegations both deplore these international complications† Everybody laughed and the bill was recommended for passage (Bonnie, Whitebread 2005). In the Eastern states Marijuana was even less known. It did carry a stigma though with nothing to back it up. On July 29, 1914, an article in the New York Times stated, â€Å"This narcotic has practically the same effect as morphine and cocaine, but it was not used in this country to any extent while it was easy to get the more refined narcotics† (Bonnie, Whitebread 2005). It is quite obvious by this statement that there was little known about Marijuana but because it is referenced with morphine and cocaine and not yet prohibited, we have the â€Å"fear of substitution†. In other words, when hard narcotics become hard to get, the â€Å"evil weed† will take its place with addicts. Marijuana didn’t have much of a chance from the beginning. Another stumbling block is marijuana has is its reference to being â€Å"The Gateway Drug†. This term means that if you try Marijuana you are going to use other more dangerous drugs. It may be true that individuals that use Marijuana, at some time, turn to harder drugs, but why. Could it be that because it cannot be purchased in a corner store, individuals are forced to the streets and introduced to harder drugs by the dealers? There is not something in Marijuana that causes someone to crave cocaine. â€Å"Marijuana is the most popular illegal drug in the United States today. Therefore, people who have used less poplar drugs such as heroin, cocaine, LSD, are likely to have used Marijuana (Dr. Zimmer Dr. , 1997). This term is a scare tactic and works well. If Marijuana is looked at as being a gateway drug, what about alcohol and tobacco. There should be less emphasis on the drugs themselves and more to what factors shape a persons behavior. More time should be spent, for example, on parenting skills and a child’s environment. This is where the prevention of true drug abuse should start. If Americans as a whole cannot agree that Marijuana should be legal to possess and use by responsible adults, then we need to, at the very least make it legal for medical purposes. Many Americans that suffer from AIDS and cancer can benefit from this drug. It helps with anything from loss of appetite to the relief of pain. Why would we want to keep a drug illegal that is known to make peoples lives more bearable? The Drug Enforcement Agency’s (DEA) own Administrative Law Judge, the honorable Francis Young, stated in 1998, â€Å"Marijuana is the safest therapeutically active substance known to man†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He went on to say, â€Å"The evidence clearly shows that marijuana is capable of relieving the distress of great numbers of very ill people, and doing so with safety under medical supervision†¦it would be unreasonable, arbitrary and capricious for the DEA to continue to stand between those sufferers and the benefits of this substance (Carter G. T. MD; Mirken B. 2006). It is fact that Marijuana smoke contains many of the same toxins that cigarette smoke does. However, the adverse effects of marijuana use are within the range of effects tolerated for other medications (Joy J. E. , Watson, S. J. Jr. Benson J. A. Jr. , 1999). New studies are showing that THC, the key compound in marijuana, may also be the key to new drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, because it blocks the formation of brain-clogging plaques better than current Alzheimer’s drugs (DeNoon, 2006). This study is nowhere near it’s final stages but so far the findings are incredible. It was found that THC blocked an enzyme named acetylcholinesterase, which speeds the formation of amyloid plaque in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s (DeNoon, 2006). When compared to the Alzheimer drugs Cognex and Aricept, which were tested at double the concentration of THC, Aricept blocked plaque at only 22% and Cognex blocked plaque at only 7% as well as THC. That study is sounding good so far. We really don’t have that far to go with other studies to show that Marijuana has great health benefits. In fact we should be about finished after decades of study. It seems as though one major negative influence in the complete legalization of marijuana is the FDA itself that as recently as April 20, 2006 claimed that â€Å"no sound studies† support the medical use of marijuana contradicting a very large amount of scientific literature (Carter, Mirken 2006). Politics I tell you, politics. What else could it be? In actuality, thank goodness, there are states in the U. S. that have already made this bold and humane move of legalizing medical marijuana. â€Å"Since 1996, twelve states have legalized medical marijuana use: AK, CA, CO, HI, ME, MT, NV, NM, OR, RI, VT, and WA. Eight of the twelve did so through the initiative process (2004). What happens if we don’t? I can tell you. We will continue to fill our legal system with petty misdemeanors that cost taxpayers billions of dollars a year. Since 1990 the war on drugs has made its primary focus on low-level marijuana offences. This is probably due to ease of arrest. There is a decent bit of our population that enjoys marijuana. If there is an easy way to get numbers up and make the war on drugs look like it is actually making a difference than that would be the way to do it. There were nearly 700,000 arrests for marijuana in 2002 and only 1 in 8 resulted in a felony conviction, which translates to roughly four billion dollars per year for petty marijuana offenses alone (King Mauer M, 2006). It is truly a waste of money and police allocation to still concentrate on this plant called marijuana. Caught up in politics, discrimination and the bashing by the uninformed, marijuana has really had a bad rap since the beginning of the 20th century. If there are drugs such as alcohol and tobacco considered legal, taxed and regulated, there is absolutely no reason marijuana should not be handled in the same way. I must say that I in no way condone under age drug use, to include all drugs. I do condone a responsible adult being able to enjoy a joint of this wonderful plant created by nature itself. Even President Clinton enjoyed a puff, although he might have enjoyed it more if he had inhaled. I also believe that marijuana as a medicine is by far, more safe than most of our â€Å"over the counter† meds, to include one of our favorite liver destroyers, Tylenol. There are mounds and mounds of evidence that prove marijuana to make life much more bearable for AIDS and cancer patients. Please pull marijuana out from under the blanket of lies that keep it from being some help and relief to society. Relieve some of the costs it incurs within our legal system. Tax it and make more money available possibly for some real education on the destruction of drug addiction. Regulate it so a person who wants to smoke it, knows exactly what they are getting. Most important, take it out of the hands of drug cartel that become millionaires, kill and take advantage of countries with little money. Legalize it! Legalize It! Decriminalize It!

Nursing Care Within Mental Health Role Social Work Essay Essay Example

Nursing Care Within Mental Health Role Social Work Essay Essay This assignment will allow the writer explain an facet of nursing attention within mental wellness function. As it is stated in the NMC ( 2008 ) as a wellness professional, you are personally accountable for actions and skips in your pattern so this is taking into consideration when treating any intercessions with service users. The writer is traveling to critical discuss and examine in item the assisting attacks used in the intervention of intoxicant maltreatment and draw decisions from them as what is seen as best grounds pattern. The facet of nursing that the writer is traveling to discourse is motivational questioning from the pattern of handling alcohol addiction. This is where that writer foremost seen Motivational Interviewing being used in a Community Drug and Alcohol arrangement. Miller and Rollnick ( 1991 ) defined motivational interviewing as a directive, client centred counselling manner for arousing behaviour alteration by assisting clients to research and decide ambivalency and stated in the Oxford University Dictionary ( 2005 ) ( internet ref 1 ) motive is described as the ground or grounds behind one s actions or behavior and this is the extreme importance for a service user to be at a phase of desiring to alter for themselves and non for others such as household members. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care Within Mental Health Role Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care Within Mental Health Role Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care Within Mental Health Role Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This thesis will be looking at the rule of motivational interviewing ( MI ) and the client centred attack that was produced by Carl Rogers in ( 1951 ) which has provided the underpinning of MI. Besides, it will discourse the usage of Motivational Interviewing when a client wants to go abstainer from intoxicant and the phases of alteration theoretical account set up by Prochaska, Norcross and DiClemente ( 1982 ) that has become a tool used when looking at the different alterations in which a client could be placed in. The thesis will besides look at the positive and negative utilizations of MI in alcohol addiction. Introduction of Motivation Interviewing Motivational interviewing ( MI ) was developed to handle job drinkers and was foremost described by Miller ( 1983, cited by Rollnick and Miller 1995 ) in an article discoursing Behavioural Psychotherapy. Subsequently in 1991 Rollnick and Miller characterized Motivation Interviewing as a directing, client-centred guidance manner for arousing behaviour alteration by assisting clients to research and decide ambivalency . It was in 2002 where they subsequently explained that Motivational Interviewing was an assistance to ease the motion through decisional analysis and behavior alteration . Furthermore, LA Lawendowski ( 1998 ) ( Internet ref 3 ) provinces that motivational interviewing is a client-centred therapy and has phases of alteration in the natural recovery from dependence. However, the theoretical account has been used for assortment of other jobs such as Drug Abuse ( Scott et al, 1996 ) Smoking ( Rollnick, S et Al, 1997 ) Gambling Problems ( Diskin and Hodgins 2009 ) Drug Dependence ( Saunders, B et Al, 1995 and Miller, W et Al, 2003 ) Excessive imbibing ( reexamine see Vasilaki et Al, 2006 ) ( Arkowitz, H and Miller, W.R 2008 ) . Motivational interviewing is a psychotherapeutics method which lets the service user to influence and enables alterations in their lives ( Hussein Rassool, G and Kilpatrick, B.1998 ) . Motivational interviewing is a type of reding which allows the service users to discourse helpfully about altering their behavior within alcohol addiction ( Obert, JL 2005 ) ( Internet ref 2 ) . This type of intercession is exceptionally helpful for those service users who are disinclined to alter their life style and open about altering. It s designed to decide ambivalency as it will take the service user to come on following to the way of alteration. Rollnick, Miller and Butler ( 2008 ) states that if a patient appears to be unmotivated to alter that there is nil anybody can make to alter this. They suggest that this statement is normally wrong. They believe that the attack a professional should take is to speak with the patient about their wellness. This can significantly rock their personal motive for behaviour alteration. Arkowitz and Miller ( 2008 ) states that motivational interviewing Is to increase intrinsic motive to alter that which arises from personal ends and values instead than from such external beginnings as others efforts to carry, cajole or hale the individual to alter . By professional organic structures or even household members supercharging the client to alter this can hold an opposite consequence and do that individual have a lessen aspiration to alter. Brehm and Brehm ( 1981 ) reported that when a client is placed into this state of affairs they become loath to alter as they perceive a menace to their personal freedom. Miller and Rollnick ( 2002 ) have mentioned that there is a difference among the technique and the spirit of Motivational Interviewing. If the professional organic structure gets engrossed by the technique, they likely risk the loss of the overall spirit of Motivational Interviewing. Miller and Rollnick ( 1995 ) mentioned that We believe it is critical to separate between the spirit of motivational interviewing and techniques that we have recommended to attest that spirit. Clinicians and trainers who become excessively focussed on affairs of technique can lose sight of the spirit and manner that are cardinal to the attack . Rollnick, Miller and Butler ( 2008 ) characterized the spirit as the following header Collaborative, redolent and honouring of patient liberty: Collaboration. Is where there is a joint decision-making procedure. This is of import in the wellness behavior alteration as it is merely the patient who can originate alterations. Evocative. This happens when the client triggers their ain motives and resources to alter. The client will hold their ain ends and aspirations and dreams so they do non necessitate the way from the professional organic structure. Honoring patients liberty. This is where MI accepts that the clients have a pick about the alteration in their lives and the professional organic structures still can rede, inform and on juncture can warn but their picks it is finally the clients pick ( Rollnick, S et al 2008 ) . They describe this manner of interaction as non-directing but steering, dancing and non wrestling, listening at least every bit much as stating. Phillips and Callaghan ( 2009 ) agrees with this statement and describes motivational interviewing as the following the nurse must avoid lecture, faulting and arousing guilt as this is of import as these places are likely to take to patient defensiveness and the nurse will follow the impersonal place in relation to the person s substance usage . As mentioned before that motivational interviewing is a client-centred attack which needs a curative relationship between the client and the professional organic structure as it is needed for alteration harmonizing to Carl Rogers ( 1951 ) . Three of these to reference that are linked to the spirit of motivational interviewing are therapist genuineness, empathy and unconditioned positive respect. Miller and Rollnick ( 2002 ) mentioned that motivational interviewing is a client-centred or individ ual centred in its focal point on the concerns and positions of the person, every bit good as in our heavy trust on and liability to the work of Carl Rogers and his co-workers. In this sense, motivational interviewing is an development of the client-centerd attack that Rogers developed. Arkowitz and Burke ( 2008 ) province that Motivational Interviewing is different than Carl Rogers attack as the importance of the intensifying intrinsic motive to alter, deciding ambivalency about alteration and the increasing alteration talk through selective responding. It is non uncommon for people to experience ambivalent about alterations in their lives. It is said that it a normal and common constituent of psychological job. Rollnick and Miller ( 1991 ) province that ambivalency is a province of head in which a individual has coexisting but conflicting experiencing about something. Clients who have an habit-forming job who so proceeds with reding will experience conflicting experiencing about their motive. A client can go non-cooperative with the counselor and back once more in a few proceedingss. Orford ( 1985 ) province that when it comes to habit-forming behavior struggles clearly plays a cardinal function. Clients who have imbibing jobs most times acknowledged that the hazards, cost and injury implicated their behavior. The clients are invariably traveling back and forward as they are non certain what to make about their state of affairs. Miller and Rollnick ( 1991 ) explain ambivalency as non a bad mark but to see it to be normal, accepta ble and apprehensible. Once the counselor understands this of ambivalency the counselor will cover with the client in a wholly different manner. Once the counselor realizes the normalcy of ambivalency and the manner in which it works. There will be a noticeable addition of verbal communicating and less opposition between the client and counselor. Their curative relationship will better. Motivational Interviewing is said to back up the client preparedness to alter and supply them with the accomplishments, helps and schemes for alteration ( Miller and Rollnick 1991, Hester and Miler 1989 ) . When looking at the client s ambivalency it can be place on the phases of alteration by Prochaska and DiClemente ( 1982, 1984, 1985 and 1986 ) . Miller and Rollnick ( 2002 ) describe Motivational Interviewing as a tool to help clients through decisional analysis and behavioral alterations. However, in 2001 Bishop refers to Motivational Interviewing as a method adjusted from the theoretical account called Cycle of alteration that was developed by Prochaska and DiClemente ( 1982, 1984, 1985 and 1986 ) . The client varies with respects to where they are on the rhythm of alteration. There are six phases in which the client can put themselves on. The phases of alteration are: Pre-contemplation this is where the client has non recognized that there is a issue with their behavior that needs to be changed Contemplation this is where they have recognized that there is an issue but non yet prepared or convinced ofA desiring to do a alteration Preparation/Determination the clients fixing for alteration where planning and committedness are secured Action/Willpower the client changes their behavior Maintenance client keeping the behavioral alterations Relapse this is where the client returns to their older behavior and renounce the recent alterations ( Internet ref 4 ) This rhythm is non fixed, it is unstable. The client is able start and coating anyplace within the rhythm. As like most alkies if they are non committed to alter their behavior sing their imbibing so relapses do happen. Prochaska and DiClemente ( 1983 ; 1983 ) province that wheel theoretical accounts approach allow the client to travel in and out of assorted phases of alteration. Prochaska and DiClemente ( 1991 ) suggest that people move both forwards and backwards round the rhythm of alteration, and spend changing sums of clip at each phase. Peoples pass through all phases. An illustration of this could be a client in the action phase into backsliding and so develop into pre-contemplative about alteration. Furthermore, the client could travel to preparation phrase from the backsliding phase. This could assist the client in taking obstructions that may hold disallowed them efficaciously keeping the yearning to alter their behavior ( Schulz, J. and Floyd, M.R 2002 ) . Prochaska and P rochaska ( 1991 ) suggested that if there is a mismatch between phases and procedures so the motion through the phases will be impeded and the individual will look immune or non-compliant. Equally good as the phases of alteration Motivational Interviewing has four guiding rules. Miller, Rollnick and Butler ( 2008 ) province that these are the guiding rules: Resist Understand Listen Empower This is merely a touch on what Motivational Interviewing is approximately and on the following chapter it will discourse the research for and against Motivational Interviewing in alcohol addiction. Critical discuss Motivational Interviewing in Alcoholism

Inevitable Globalization

Inevitable Globalization Globalization, according to the basic dictionary definition, is the expansion of activities or ideas to a worldwide scope. The Economist once called globalization â€Å"the most abused word of the 21st century,† and in many respects the way the term is treated in the popular and academic press makes the concept seem a great deal more complicated and murky than it really is. GLOBAL WARMING ESSAY Globalization is nothing new; according to Yale University’s Nayan Chanda, the term first appeared in about 1962 but is actually a normal process of human civilization that has been going on for thousands of years. Historical Perspective on Globalization Globalization, according to the basic dictionary definition, is the expansion of activities or ideas to a worldwide scope. In Nayan Chanda’s view, the process of globalization actually began when the first humans started to spread from the species’ point of origin in Africa to other parts of the world, beginning about 50,000 years ago. Globalization in the form we would recognize it probably started with Alexander the Great; his short-lived empire in the 4th century B.C. was the first in which we can clearly identify the permanent changes in disparate cultures because of their interaction. We, humans, are naturally expansion-minded, and the process of globalization can be attributed to three essential motivations. The first is economic; we are driven to increase our prosperity. The second is political; we seek to expand our range for the sake of security, to increase our power, and to spread our ideas about how we think humans should organize themselves, through concepts of government and religion. The third is our natural curiosity; we are a restless and adventurous species, and can’t help wondering what lies beyond our horizons. Malaysia today is an amalgam of native Malay, Chinese, and Indian cultures, with a government system that is a hybrid of the British Parliamentary system and a centuries-old confederation of Muslim Sultanates and is one of the world’s biggest sources of a strategic crop – rubber – that is native to South America. And most of the â€Å"fusion of influences† that created a national culture that is still somehow uniquely identifiable happened a century or more before the word â€Å"globalization† was even invented.  Our world is what it is because of globalization, and it is not at all a recent development. Globalization in the Pax Americana There have been four great periods of globalization in history (see History Essay). These paxes, for lack of a more imaginative word, were all characterized by the presence of a superpower, long periods of relative peace in which armed conflict was at least limited or localized, a significant and rapid improvement in general standards of living, and enormous advances in travel and communications technology. PERIOD I The first was the Pax Romana, which began with the accession of Caesar Augustus in 27 B.C. and ended with the death of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (who was not, despite what the otherwise-entertaining movie Gladiator depicted, smothered with a pillow by Joaquin Phoenix) in 180 A.D. PERIOD II The second was the Pax Mongolica in the 13th and 14th centuries, during which Genghis Khan and his immediate descendants imposed a sophisticated and orderly administration stretching from the Pacific Ocean to the Black Sea, securely connecting Europe and Asia. PERIOD III The third was the Pax Brittanica, the century between the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the start of World War I when Great Britain was at the height of its imperial power. We live in the fourth, the Pax Americana, which began at the end of World War II. PERIOD IV In our time, globalization has been characterized most by rapid and accelerating advances in communication. Air travel replaced sea travel as the main means of reaching other continents in the early 1960’s, and barely a decade later had also replaced trains as the preferred means of long-distance land travel. The explosive growth of television after World War II initiated the first real global communication system; for the first time in history, events could be witnessed simultaneously by people all over the planet. The Internet, which we sometimes forget has only existed in a commonly useful form for only about 20 years, changed that global ability to receive information as-it-happens into the ability to create and participate, and in the past few years, to do so with fewer and fewer physical barriers – portable computers and smartphones now make up the majority of Internet-connected devices in the world, by a considerable margin. GLOBALIZATION  ESSAY In every one of Mankind’s â€Å"pax† ages, the movement of people and goods follows the movement of ideas, and vice versa. In our age, this is reflected in the growing influence of supranational governance over national sovereignty when it comes to economic matters. Institutions such as the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and multi-state organizations like the EU, the GCC, and the ASEAN have more to do with determining the economic courses of individual countries than do their own citizens – a supreme irony in an age which is also characterized by growing democratization and civic participation. Is Globalization Really a â€Å"Natural† Process? Just because globalization is inevitable doesn’t mean it’s beneficial to everyone. Every great period of globalization in history has been marred by inequity, oppression, and general misery for some people. Entire cultures were wiped out in the Roman and Mongol expansions, and the colonial experience of many cultures under British rule was painful in a lot of ways. The United States did not grow to the political, economic, and cultural power that created the Pax Americana without ruining a lot of lives as well, virtually destroying a continent’s worth of diverse, sophisticated Native American cultures as it expanded. In our age, we have seen brutal conflicts in Southeast Asia, in the Middle East, in Central and South America, and in large parts of Africa. Despite living in a relatively peaceful and prosperous world, we also live with the threats of terrorism from various forms of extremism, new diseases, and risks to health and safety created by our own technological prowess, and far too many people still live with the ancient threats of famine, abject poverty, and hopelessness. The difference between our age and the ones that preceded it is that not only are we aware of the imbalances between groups and classes of people and how what we do creates those imbalances, the advances in communications mean that the disadvantaged have a better chance of being aware of it, too – and more to the point, have a better chance of calling attention to their plight. Being â€Å"against globalization† is a futile point of view; it is a basic human aspiration. But knowing what globalization really means, and pursuing it in a manner that causes the most benefit and the least harm, are goals we as a species can and should pursue.

How information gives competitive advantages Assignment

How information gives competitive advantages - Assignment Example It further provides tools that assist companies to apply the metrics and analytical elements to their information sources and this enables them to recognize the chances for growth and identify ways they can enhance operational efficiency. The three main forms of information systems, which are developed and employed for general usage, include financial, operational and strategic systems where these classifications do not have mutual exclusivity as they constantly intertwine. Financial and operational systems, which are meticulously designed, may develop to become the strategic systems associated with specific organizations. Financial systems can be considered as simple computerizations of processes that involve accounts, budgets and finance in a company (Hopper 27). They are alike and universal in all firms, as computers have demonstrated to be perfect for mechanizing and controlling or financial systems, like personnel operations since head-counting controls and workforce of an organization are significant to financial concerns. Financial systems are supposed to be employed among the bases for the rest of the systems as they provide a universal and controlled assessment of all the operations and projects and have the ability to supply dependable numbers that indicate departmental success. Planning across the company must be linked to financial analysis and there are always greater opportunities in the development of strategic systems when financial systems exist as the needed figured can easily be retrieved. On the other hand, operational systems, which are also considered as service systems, assist in controlling the details associated with the company and these systems are different based on the nature of the enterprise. Typically, they are computer systems needed by operational managers to assist in running of the business based on routing. They are ordinary systems that are valuable in keeping track of inventory among other functions as

Brand Image Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Brand Image Development - Essay Example Competitor Selection Coca-cola Company has been a successful company over the years and is the leading group in the beverage industry. It is known for the production of brands which include coke, Fanta, coke classic and Diet coke. It is a company that ensures that the demands of all consumers are met by their production of a wide variety of drinks. The company is devoted to offering secure and high quality beverages (The coca-cola company, 2012). They have gained the trust from customers because they provide honest and correct data especially on the nutritional information. This explains why it has a high-quality over all over the world. The products offered are of different sizes so that the consumer can choose from a variety. It recognizes the fact that the world is dynamic, and changes every day, therefore, they develop their products accordingly. The competitors have a low representation as Coca-Cola has the biggest percent, 70% of consumers as compared to Pepsi’s 20% and Schweppes’s, 10%. Analysis of Price The prices are reasonable and are developed depending on the market. They also vary depending on the size of the bottle and seasons. (The coca-cola company, 2012) Some seasons such as summer have the prices of the products elevated. Research shows that 13% of consumers buy products in relation to price. Analysis of Distribution Distribution is offered to middle men and retailers, and this way, the products are sold extensively. This incentive is taken to reduce the costs associated with individual distribution. They have one main distribution point whereby the middle men obtain the products. Coca-cola products are well distributed with only 3% who do not have some of the products available. Analysis of Promotion The coca-cola company promotes their products by conducting sales events, and develops competitions with prizes to be won. Promotions are aimed to persuade the customer and make them purchase the goods. Advertising is also a form of promotion in which Coca-cola is known for their catchy advertisements. This is done through newspapers, television, posters and billboards. They also offer scholarships to students and also sponsor events such as games (The ‘coca-cola’ brand & sponsorship, 2000). Coca-cola has been successful because of their uniqueness around the world. It maintains to be the most trusted beverage brand and is the most preferred brand in relation to the research. This shows that they promote their products in the right manner. Part 2 Brand Background Founded in 1886, coca-cola has continued to develop extensively throughout the world. (The Coca-Cola Company, 2012). Coca-Cola has kept on implementing brand strategies that involve renewing policies and systems to keep up with the changing world. Coca-cola believes in responsible marketing of their products. This is explained by the fact that they target different customers including children. The company, therefore, has a policy that co vers responsible marketing all over the world. Coca-Cola mainly targets the young people, and that is why most of advertising on media is done by young people. Coca-Cola has been the leading brand because the company keeps on reinventing their products.  

Risk of Schizophrenia Essay Example for Free

Risk of Schizophrenia Essay Over the last few decades Schizophrenia has become embedded in mainstream vernacular as any behavior or emotional response that is out of touch with reality. However even with its popularity heightened through movies and headline news stories, schizophrenia is still one of the most enigmatic and least understood disorders of the brain. With current research focused on the role of neurobiology and functioning on a cellular level, investigative analysis has merited new innovations towards its source, however a single organic cause for the disorder still eludes scientists. Although the foundation of the affliction is still unknown, its effects are well documented and over the next few pages will show the changes in the brain as the disease develops, and how those alterations impact the rest of the body and alter various other functions throughout the viscera. The term Schizophrenia was first coined in 1911 by Swiss psychiatrist Dr. Eugen Bleuler and translates from the original Greek as schizo (split) and phrene (mind), making a literal translation of split-mind, in reference to the disjointed thinking of those with the disease (Johnstone, 1994). Although the term was first used in the early twentieth century, according to scholars a ‘madness’ was described in The Ebers Papyrus, a collection of ancient Egyptian medical papers dating back to 1550 BC, which accurately depicts some of schizophrenia’s symptoms (Johnstone, 1994). With its possible documentation over three millennia ago and its symptoms documented in a myriad of medical journals throughout history, the disorder itself is very rare. Those who are at the highest risk of manifestation are offspring whose parents are both schizophrenic, although even at this rate the risk of manifestation is about forty-six percent. Globally however its prevalence is about 0.9 percent or fifty-eight million people worldwide (Hollandsworth, 1990). According to James G. Hollandworth of the University of Southern Mississippi, schizophrenia is primarily characterized by a disintegration of reality perception, consciousness, and thought process which results in a debilitated proficiency in social and professional faculties (Hollandworth, 1990). While schizophrenia can most arguably be classified as a predominantly genetic affliction, there are others factors which can contribute to its development even without a genetic predisposition. These elements include birth defects such as hypoxia and low birth rate, neuroanatomical anomalies, viral infections, along with low IQ and cerebral  atrophy (Hollandsworth, 1990). While these components in themselves are not sufficient enough to cause the disorder, they result in an increased risk for developing the disease. One theory for the cause of schizophrenia that has been studied with great validity is the dopamine hypothesis. This theory postulates that schizophrenia is caused by an overabundance of the dopamine-dependent areas of the brain causing an imbalance that affects the entire system (Hollandsworth, 1990). For this reason many of today’s schizophrenia treatment drugs inhibit dopamine receptor activity in an attempt to return it to its natural equilibrium. Although even with advances in modern science and new drugs being developed every day, the illness is still only treatable and its symptoms still emerge even with proper medication. Even with its origin unknown, scientists have discovered several chromosomes which when damaged or mutated, greatly increase the risk of developing schizophrenia. The chromosomes in particular that act as catalysts are chromosome numbers twenty-two, six, and eleven (Klar, 2004). Chromosome six contains several genes that are linked with immune response which has given rise to the belief that schizophrenia has some association with weakened disease fighting agents. While damage to this chromosome may be linked to the source of the ailment, it may only be the jump starter that kicks off the path to developing the illness. For as scientists know, a lacking immune response caused by chromosome damage can theoretically leave the body vulnerable to infection, which are facilitators that can bring about the emergence of the disorder (Hollandsworth, 1990). Chromosome twenty-two on the other hand is linked with the dopamine hypothesis as this area houses enzymes that aid in transporting neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters, mainly catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) are essential for the breakdown of dopamine. Any disruptions in this particular area can trigger an overabundance or shortage of dopamine, potentially resulting in developing positive or negative schizophrenia symptoms (Chakravarti, 2002). Lastly, chromosome eleven has been associated with schizophrenia on the grounds of genetic translocation, or a chromosome abnormality caused by faulty rearrangements of various strands of DNA. These faults can occur in any number of genes, however during this process it occurs at times pivotal to cell division, making it easy for genes to be incorrectly rearranged (Klar, 2004). When this happens  it can potentially inhibit the development of lateralization of brain function and act as a precursor not only schizophrenia, but other forms of mental illness as well as cognitive impairments (Klar, 2004). Once the subject has developed schizophrenia it affects the brain in very specific ways. When the disorder itself first begins to emerge its early symptoms manifest themselves in a period called The Prodormal Phase (Neale ump; Oltmanns, 1980). During this phase, which occurs anywhere from six to thirty months before the disease truly emerges, the person may experience social withdrawal, dysphoria, and irritability. As the disorder progresses the symptoms may become more intense, and newer or ‘positive’ symptoms may begin to surface. These positive symptoms can include visual and auditory hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thought processes. In severe cases of thought process deterioration or cognitive slippage, a person can develop schizophasia or ‘word salad’ where a person’s speech is completely incoherent with no understandable thought or message. Following the positive symptoms of the illness, ‘negative’ symptoms can appear as well. These symptoms are aspects of the person’s personality that have been negated by the disease. They are most commonly expressed by the person’s flat or expressionless demeanor, apathy, very little displayed emotion, and continued peculiar behavior (Hollandsworth, 1990). After schizophrenia has completely manifested itself, the patient is usually classified into one of four types. These types are paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, and undifferentiated. Those in the paranoid group display an obsession over their delusions or ha ve hallucinations specifically related to a certain subject or idea, and are usually the most functional of all schizophrenics (Johnstone, 1994). Disorganized types are typically ones who display little emotion and act in a disjointed and inarticulate manner, while catatonic schizophrenics are merely ones who appear in torpor and display lethargic indolence. The undifferentiated type however is hybrid of the three previous types and is a miscellaneous combination of all their symptoms combined (Johnstone, 1994). While the outward symptoms may be relatively easy to recognize, inside the brain is a totally different matter. Schizophrenia can cause structural changes in the brain even though a specific cause for these changes is still unknown. These changes in brain structure are illustrated by larger ventricles, a thicker corpus collosum, a decrease in dendrite  spines in the frontal lobe, disordered hippocampal pyramidal cells, and a shrinkage of the cerebellar vermis, which is mainly responsible for perception. In some studies malformed neuronal migration has been observed which can lead to disjointed thoughts as well as an overall shrinkage of the hippocampus and amygdala (Johnstone, 1994). Due to these changes, a person suffering from the disorder can have reduced functioning in the frontal lobe which can affect their logic and critical thinking skills as well as their ability to successfully plan ahead. This reduced functioning is displayed in the Wisconsin card sorting test, which is administered to measure possible brain damage and assess the functioning of the frontal lobe. Schizophrenics who participate in the test show an inability to successfully transfer their attention to the rules of the exam once they begin. Functional imaging has also shown a lack of activity in the right hemisphere of the frontal lobe during their partaking, which does not increase as the task is administered. It is also shown that in a study by a Dr. Nagy in 1963, that of 260 cases of schizophrenia, roughly fifty-eight percent of the group had some form of cerebral atrophy (Johnstone, 1994). On a cellular level schizophrenia symptoms are thought to be caused by an overabundance of neurotransmitters released between neurons. These neurotransmitters, mainly dopamine and serotonin, in excess can cause hallucinations and delusions which are referred to as ‘positive’ symptoms. Too little of these neurotransmitters however can result in lack of emotion and motivation which mirror the ‘negative’ symptoms of the disorder. Another type of cell affected by schizophrenia is the pyramidal cell in the prefrontal cortex, or the forehead area of the brain. These cells, which are a type of neuron that serve primarily as excitation units in the prefrontal cortex, are shown to have a decrease in basilar dendrite numbers. These basilar dendrites arise from the base of the pyramidal cell’s soma, and with a decrease in their numbers it can indicate a shortened synaptic surface area resulting in possible fallacious thought processing (Broadbelt, Byne, ump; Jon es, 2002). Pyramidal cells in the hippocampus are also known to be affected by the disorder can and cause many of the cells in that area to be thrown into disarray, causing cognitive malfunctions. The treatment of this disorder can vary greatly depending on the person; however dopamine inhibiting antipsychotics are a very popular remedy. Although prevalent, these  medications are not perfect and many scientists claim there is still no concrete connection that schizophrenia is exclusively a result of faulty dopaminergic transmissions (Neale ump; Oltmanns, 1980). It has also been noted that many of the dopamine inhibiting drugs serve only to combat the positive symptoms and leave many of the negative symptoms such as emotional absence unaffected. Another treatment that is still widely used, but much less common is electroconvulsive therapy or shock therapy. This treatment is still very controversial but there has been success in treating schizophrenia symptoms completely, although many patients relapse within six months. Studies have also indicated that although this treatment can be effective there are risks of permanent brain damage. According to Dr. Peter Breggin (2008), a psychiatrist at the State University of New York, shock therapy in animal testing showed statistically significant brain structural abnormalities when compared to animals without it. His study showed the electrical shocks caused changes in the nerve cell walls causing gliosis, or a profound increase in the number of astrocytes in impaired areas of the central nervous system (Breggin, 2008). In conclusion, schizophrenia is unique disorder that affects the brain in many ways, yet manifests itself differently from person to person. As there is no tangible rubric for how the disorder will impact the person, it can be a difficult illness to treat. Its effects on the brain, from enlarged ventricles to a decline in dendrite spines, shows the major impact the illness can have on living a normal life. Although the disorder afflicts just over fifty-eight million people worldwide it is still devastating to those who are affected and while the medical community makes leaps and bounds in understanding the disease, a cure is still far from the horizon. With psychology grant money from universities being invested predominantly in neuropsychology, perhaps sometime in the near future scientists will be able to fully understand this illness and find a successful and permanent cure for it.

Communist Controversy over Film Salt of the Earth Essay -- Politics Mc

Communist Controversy over Film Salt of the Earth Salt of the Earth was released in 1954, during the anticommunist McCarthy era by a collection of blacklisted individuals, including screenwriter Michael Wilson, producer Paul Jarrico, and Hollywood 10 director Herbert J. Biberman. Salt is based on the Empire Zinc strike of Local 890 in Bayard County, New Mexico that took place from 1950-1952. In many ways, Salt of the Earth resembles the archetypal American dream by presenting the triumph of ordinary, working class Americans over the forces of discrimination, inequality, and injustice. Salt enjoyed widespread acclaim in Europe, and won prestigious awards in Czechoslovakia and France. Yet in the United States, its production encountered violent opposition from agencies such as the Screen Actors Guild, the American Federation of Labor and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. What particular element of Salt made it seem so threatening and subversive? According to film critic Pauline Kael Salt was nothing more than "shrewd propaganda for the urgent business of the USSR." (Kael, 331-332) She unhesitatingly asserts that Salt is "as clear a piece of communist propaganda as we have had in many years" (Kael 331-332). In short, Kael argues that Salt is fundamentally subversive, threatening and un-American. Yet what does it mean to be subversive in the context of the McCarthy era? The Oxford English Dictionary defines the noun subversive as wishing to "overthrow a regime" (OED). Kael’s argument seems to be congruous to this definition. Does Salt of the Earth intend to overthrow the existing political order and replace it with a communist form of government? Several scholars have responded to Kael’s communist reading of Salt. Lorence... ...d English Dictionary. Accessed 2. June.2003 9. Rosseau, Jean-Jacques. The Social Contract. Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution. Hunt, Lynn & Censer, Jack. University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press (2001) 10. Rosenfelt, Deborah S. Salt of the Earth: commentary by Deborah Silverton Rosenfelt and Screenplay by Michael Wilson New York: The Feminist Press, (1978) 11. Salt of the Earth. Dir. Herbert J. Bibberman. Produced by Paul Jarrico. Screenplay by Michael Wilson. Video recording. Independent Productions Corporation and the International Union of Mine. (1954) 12. Wilson, Michael. Salt of the Earth: commentary by Deborah Silverton Rosenfelt and Screenplay by Michael Wilson. (The Screenplay) New York: The Feminist Press, (1978)

Prejudic/ Discrimination Essay

†¢ How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? Stereotypes involve generalizations about the certain characteristics of people in groups. Some examples is saying that women are bad drivers or that they need to stay in the home. Discrimination is a reaction that is either positive or negative actions toward the objects of prejudice. An example is when someone states that they do not want a particular race to enter their club and because of this statement a person discriminating will react a certain way with that race if they were to want join. Prejudice is the act of judging someone or a group of people without having any prior knowledge of their personal selves. An example is assuming that because someone is of a different race than you that wouldn’t be acceptable to hire. All of these actions feed off of one another which had caused so many problems everywhere. These problems stem from past actions that we are still trying to correct today. †¢ What are the causes of discrimination? One cause is culture to culture. Some cultures do not want other races coming in and messing with their women. They do not want the blood lines to mix. Also some cultures do not want others to come in and try and take over or change their ways which why some do not like Americans. Another cause is people being stuck in one era especially when it comes to women. These days most women don’t want to stay home. They need to work to provide and since it seems sometimes the roles have switched with men staying home they feel that have to take care of everything. Another cause is racial. One cannot assume that because one person of a culture or race follows in the same category as the rest of their race. These days there are a lot of cultures and race that have crossed over still holding on to their heritage but venturing out to know and understand others. In understanding other races a trace of it stays with you leaving you a little changed †¢ How is discrimination faced by one identity group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination faced by another? How are they different? Discrimination against race is when you take a look at one race on a whole and assume by either prejudice or stereotyping that every one is the same. All black people sag their pants, all white people are rich and all Chinese people are smart just to name a few. Then there is discrimination against gender. There are still men today who believe that women need to stay at home. It seems, though, that men are taking care of their families less than they used to like long ago so women have no choice but to get up and do what women need to do in order to take care of their families. There are many cases where women advance faster than men and men tend to discriminate because they are intimidated. In some cases women aren’t looked at as someone who can be an asset to the company and that they have to hire them because minority rules.

Physics in Sports Essay - 1462 Words

Physics in Sports nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When many people think of sports, the topic of physics doesnt always come to mind. They usually dont think about connecting athletics with academics. In reality math, science, and especially physics, tie into every aspect of sports. Sports are a commonality that brings nations together, Soccer, known as football to most of the world, is said to an unspoken language, which unties people from different lands through a passion to play a game. Athletics and sports are made by the people who play, watch, and study them. Without all of the enthusiastic participants, there would be no development, education, and intensity that we all know and love about sports. The one component that reigns over†¦show more content†¦As for the golf industry there is the issue of everybody wanting to hit the ball farther, and the golf companies keep putting out new clubs that allow this to be possible. So I really think that the golf companies will continue to hover around t he upper limit COR of .83 for drivers because there is still a really high demand for drivers that hit the ball a long way. For pole-vaulting I see no issue in the near future. It will be exciting to see the new advances made to the poles and to see how high the athletes can get. As for the new sciences in the three articles I really learned a lot. I learned what the trampoline effect was and how it ties into more than just one sport. I learned what the coefficient of restitution was and how it affects the flight of a golf ball. I also learned what strain energy was and how it applies to stored energy. But most importantly I think, is that I learned that without the understanding of physics none of these sports would be organized or be able to make the advances that it has over the years. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When it comes down to it everybody is affected by physics in sports. 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